PSS303: Transnational Crime & Globalisation: UN Convention & Singapore’s Preventive Strategies

Question 1

Read the United Nations Convention against Cybercrime 2024. The document is available at https://documents.un.org/doc/undoc/gen/n24/426/74/pdf/n2442674.pdf

The Convention’s nine chapters provide a comprehensive approach to prevent and combat the global problem of cybercrime while including human rights safeguards. The Convention resolves technical and legal challenges by adjusting traditional means and methods of criminal investigations to the information and communication technology environment and by strengthening international cooperation. Please refer to pages 36-37 of the convention for the preventive measures.

Crafting Interview Questions (Individual Component)

Watch the Crimewatch episode about an internet love scam and money mule offences using the following link.

Assume the role of an investigative police officer tasked with interviewing a victim(s). Design TEN (10) interview questions for the victim(s). These questions should differ from those already asked in the video. After listing your questions, provide a rationale for your overall approach. Justify your choice of questions using relevant academic or theoretical perspectives. The justifications should address the full set of questions collectively, rather than explaining each question individually. The word count for this task is 400–500 words. (20 marks)

Question 2

Essay (Group Component)

Differentiate cybercrime from other types of transnational crime, focusing on the 3Ps framework, which includes the primary offence, the preservation of crime, and the proceeds. Thereafter, assess three strategies that the Singapore government has implemented to curb cybercrime, with particular emphasis on measures to prevent scams.

Please ensure that your analysis is supported by evidence drawn from credible and legitimate sources, such as government reports, academic literature, and other relevant secondary research. (70 marks)

Check Crime and Security Answers: Experts Answers on Above Transnational Crime Questions

The interview questions and rationale

The top 10 interview questions for victims are:
1) how did you get in touch with the scammer?
2) What was your communication platform with the scammer?
3) how did you make notice of something unusual?
4) Did the scammer ask you to provide any sensitive information?
5) What led you to act quickly?
6) Did you transfer any money?
7) Is there any justification provided by the scammer when asking for money?
8) Are there any fake profiles used in the process?
9) Did you communicate about the issue with anyone else?
10) How do you perceive online interactions now?
Rationale: The reasons for including the above questions is to reconstruct the events to understand the psychological impact. The questions are all open ended with the objective of getting detailed information and it is closely aligned with the investigative interviewing principles.

Cyber crime versus transnational crime

It can be better understood using the 3P framework which includes primary offence, preservation and proceeds. The primary crime includes the cyber criminals targeting digital systems, whereas the preservation is the mode of doing crime which can be physical networks, and finally the proceeds are mainly in the form of cybercrime profits which can be digital in the form of cryptocurrency or online transfer.

Singapore strategy against cyber crime:

The strategy of Singapore can be understood from the fact that it has strong cyber laws such as computer misuse act, cyber security act and there are nationwide public awareness campaigns being regularly promoted such as ScamShield, Crimewatch etc and technological measures in the form of partnerships with tele companies and Bank to freeze suspected account. 

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