Quality of service (QoS)- manages network traffic to ensure the performance of applications, it enables a network device to differentiate traffic and then apply different behaviors to traffic. QoS prioritizes specific types of traffic, such as voice or video, to maintain their quality. Applications can run on converged, packet-based networks where traffic shares a common infrastructure and network resources. QoS has the capability of controlling packet loss using random early detection (RED) algorithms, so that the device knows the packets to drop or process.
IPv4 and IPv6 both offer mechanism for implementing QoS, IPv6 has more of a robust and scalable framework. IPv6 has solved some of the troubles of IPv4, introducing Flow Label Field to identify packets belonging to the same flow, enabling more effective traffic management. Which helps the network identify important data like video calls or gaming, to provide better performance and stability. Transitioning to IPv6 and fully leveraging its QoS capabilities requires addressing challenges related to compatibility, adoption, and policy management. Other IPv6 improvement over IPV4 include more efficient routing without fragmenting packets, and built-in Quality of Service that distinguishes delay-sensitive packets, and elimination of NAT to extend address space from 32 to 128 bits. IPv4 has a small “type of service” field to prioritize traffic, and it’s limited. IPv4 header has limited space for QoS information and can restrict the granularity of traffic classification and management.
Reference:
Juniper Networks. (n.d.). What is the difference between IPv4 and IPv6? | Juniper Networks. Www.juniper.net. https://www.juniper.net/us/en/research-topics/what-is-ipv4-vs-ipv6.html
QoS: Classification Configuration Guide – IPv6 Quality of Service [Cisco ASR 1000 Series Aggregation Services Routers]. (n.d.). Cisco. https://www.cisco.com/c/en/us/td/docs/ios-xml/ios/qos_classn/configuration/xe-16/qos-classn-xe-16-book/ip6-qos-xe.html
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