Assignment Detail:-

Number of Words: 2000
Synthesise the different perspectives, ideologies, contexts and constraints within which employment relations decisions are made.
Evaluate the legal and other external contexts within which employment relations decisions are made.
Assessment Guidelines
Write 2000 +/- 10% (excluding references and appendices) evaluation essay on the following topic: Select a listed global company where you can find publicly available information online and use well- structured arguments to evaluate the strategic actions of the selected company in managing employment relations in the contemporary competitive environment.

In doing so, examine and evaluate the company’s external context and indicate how the external influences affect employment relations.

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Your assignment should be structured as follows:

Section/aspect Content to cover Marks available
Introduction (300 words) 1. Provide a general background of the topic.
2. Briefly introduce the listed global company that will be used to illustrate the discussed concepts.

3. Explain what themes the essay will discuss, and in the order they are presented.

4. Include what the essay will argue/demonstrate (thesis

statement).

10
Marks

Critical Discussion (700 words) 1. Utilise academic research using literature from journals, and books and undertake a critical evaluation making effective use of evidence and scholarly sources towards the topic under investigation.
2. Summarize the key findings from the literature review (theories and concepts) in a critical discussion (There should be strong evidence of a critical approach to key issues and you should demonstrate the ability to evaluate

arguments).

35
Marks

Application of Theory
(700 words)

1. Provide an evaluation using the selected company to
support the discussion and demonstrate a practical

35
Marks

application of theoretical concepts.
2. You should link theories together, combine them, and
indicate a good level of understanding based on the
discussion of relevant argumentation from the chosen
company.
3. Discuss the relevance of the theory in light of the chosen
company you propose and previous studies.
Conclusion (300 words) 1. Restate your thesis statement and the purpose of your essay.
2. Provide a summary of the most critical points made in the essay.

10
Marks

Formatting, appendices, and referencing
(not included in the word count)

1. There should be a high-quality presentation that conforms to academic writing principles and contains minimal sentence construction, grammar, and punctuation errors.
2. The assignment should follow appropriate academic conventions regarding in-text citations and references.

3. If needed, use Appendices to support the Main Body of

your Assignment.

10
Marks

Total: 2000 words 100
marks

Please select only 1 of the following options and answer each of the questions related to that option. Your responses should be thorough and well supported. You are encouraged to use our textbook and the supplemental online book for this class, which is called Popular Economyths.

A good, well-reasoned, detailed answer should be at least 1.5 to 2 pages (total) in length (and please do NOT rewrite the questions). You need to answer each of the questions for the option you select.

OPTION 1 – The Minimum Wage

Since 2009, the national minimum wage has been $7.25 per hour for most occupations in the private sector. Many of those who support an increase in the minimum wage believe this is one way the government could possibly reduce poverty, while its opponents believe that it creates unemployment and hurts low-skilled workers. The following items address the idea of raising the minimum wage from the current federal minimum of $7.25 per hour.

1) Describe who the suppliers and demanders are in the labor market. Is a government-mandated minimum wage a price floor or ceiling? Discuss the effect of raising the minimum wage from a supply and demand standpoint, making sure to address the concept of surplus or shortage, and specify what that shortage or surplus is most commonly called in economic terms.

2) Raising the minimum wage will also affect the labor costs of businesses. What is going to happen to the prices these businesses charge for their products? And who is going to be most affected by these price changes, those with low incomes or those with high incomes?

3) Discuss any potential changes in the incentives for low-skilled workers – those who keep their jobs and their hours – to increase their human capital when the minimum wage increases. What about those who lose their jobs or never get hired? Discuss the incentives for employers to substitute capital inputs (technology and automation) for labor.

4) What might be an unintended impact on government spending on entitlements such as welfare, food stamps, and unemployment compensation because of the changes in the minimum wage and its impact on unemployment and underemployment?

5) Do advocates of a minimum wage law believe that workers should be paid based on their output (i.e., performance) or on their level of need? What do opponents of the minimum wage law believe workers’ wages should be based on? Which one is sustainable and why?

For the sake of comparison, how should students be graded in class, based on their performance or level of need?

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6) Advocates of a minimum wage often believe that employers would “exploit” or “take advantage” of their workers if there were no minimum wage. How would you know if employers are “taking advantage” of their workers if there were no minimum wage? What simple thing could the employee do if they believed they were being exploited?

7) What percentage of American workers get paid above minimum wage? In general, why do such workers get paid more than the government-mandated minimum wage if employers are supposedly so greedy?

8) Compare and contrast some of the information contained in the three videos:

Obama: “Raise Minimum Wage to $9 an Hour” – SOTU 2013

A $15 minimum wage would hurt those it’s meant to help – YouTube

We the Internet TV: Pledge for $15

Describe the main points of each video. Which one or two videos do you agree with more from an economic perspective and why? Be specific!

9) Based on your previous responses, do you believe that the minimum wage should be raised, lowered, remain as it currently is, or be altogether eliminated? If you think there should be a minimum wage, how would you arrive at the specific wage? You need to give a thorough reason for your answer.

10) Who should get to decide how much a worker gets paid, the worker and their employer or a politician? WHY?

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OPTION 2 – Taxes

It has been said that nothing in life is guaranteed except for death and taxes. The next questions ask about the three tax structures as well as rate rates.

A lot of students say that some people pay “more (or less) in taxes” than others, but they often confuse tax rates (in percentages) with the amount of tax paid (in dollars). Be sure to answer questions in this option with references to the differences between taxes paid in dollars versus percentages.

• Please state whether you prefer a progressive, regressive, or flat (proportional) tax system and WHY. Is your preference more in accordance with the concept of equality of opportunity (which is equal treatment) or equality of outcome (which is unequal treatment)? BE SPECIFIC. Which tax system incentivizes taxpayers to earn more money and which structure disincentivizes taxpayers to work harder and earn more money.

2) Please write about marginal tax rates and whether you believe they need to be changed in general. More specifically,

1. A) If you believe in a flat tax rate system, should income tax rates be raised or lowered?
2. B) If, however, you think a progressive tax rate is best:
3. i) should taxes on low-income earners be raised or lowered?
4. ii) should taxes on average-income earners be raised or lowered?

iii) should taxes on high-income earners be raised or lowered?

1. C) If, however, you think a regressive tax rate is best:
2. i) should taxes on low-income earners be raised or lowered?
3. ii) should taxes on average-income earners be raised or lowered?

iii) should taxes on high-income earners be raised or lowered?

Regardless of which you chose (A, B, or C) be sure to give your reasons WHY you feel the way that you do.

3) Please explain HOW the tax rate changes (the increase or decrease you advocated for in Questions #2 above) will affect EACH of the following:

1. a)  economic growth: job creation, investment, incentives to work more, and tax avoidance
2. b)  the budget: the difference between tax revenue and government spending
3. c) economic “fairness”

Your answer needs to have a discussion related to the Laffer Curve, especially with respect to the budget (and to government revenue in particular). In addition, please give your definition of economic “fairness” and WHY you believe that.

4) Please watch the following two videos:

Robert Reich: Why Taxes Have to be Raised on the Rich

Is America’s Tax System Fair?

Describe the main points of each video in detail. Which video do you agree with more? Please describe WHY. Which video recommends treating people equally and which one does not?

5) Please read the following articles and graphs:

What You Don’t Know About the Top One Percent

Tax Foundation: Effective tax rates per income category

Income tax share by income category

Describe the main points of each article or graph in detail.

Based upon these articles and graphs: By income percentile group, who doesn’t pay their “fair share” of taxes and who pays more than their “fair share” in your opinion? How do you arrive at that opinion?

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OPTION 3 – Capitalism and Socialism

There are two major economic theories – Classical and Keynesian. Classical theory is closely aligned with what is popularly known as capitalism, while Keynesian theory forms much of the foundation for socialism.

1) Obviously, both supply (production) and demand (money or purchasing power) are necessary in a functioning market. However, there is disagreement regarding which one “comes first.” Do you believe supply or demand “fuels” the economy and WHY? Why is the other theory incorrect in your view? BE SPECIFIC HERE

2) Please discuss the differences between the two major economic philosophies, Socialism and Capitalism. Be sure to mention:

1. a) the differences in their ultimate goals
2. b) the differences in their means of attaining those goals, i.e., their fiscal policies (tax rates and government spending)
3. c) the differences in their attitudes toward the ability of government to direct the economy successfully
4. d) the differences in their attitudes toward the ability of voluntary transactions between private individuals to direct the economy successfully
5. e) the differences in their attitudes towards profits

3) Collectivism is the idea that the most important thing about a person is their group identity, such as their income, race, gender, sexuality, etc. Cultural Marxists and advocates of critical race theory (CRT) suggest that some identity groups are oppressed and that others are oppressors. Many modern-day socialists can be described as collectivists and cultural Marxists. See the online book Popular Economyths for more details. Please explain how many socialists currently advocate for socialist policies based upon collectivist and cultural Marxist ideas. What are some of the good and/or bad consequences of trying to base economic policies upon such ideas?

4) Capitalism is based largely on the idea of individualism and liberty, or freedom. Individualists see the person and all their unique characteristics rather than their identification in certain groups. Capitalists also view human freedom as a high priority where individuals can be largely responsible for determining their own success and choosing how to best live their lives. Please explain how capitalists incorporate the ideas of individualism and liberty into their ideas concerning the role of government in the economy. What are some of the good and/or bad consequences of trying to base economic policies upon such ideas?

5) Please watch the following:

Very Good Video About Socialism that Bernie Sanders Should Just Steal

The Bigger the Government…

Describe the main points of each video in detail.

Which video do you agree with more? Which type of economy may lead to people with “better” characteristics? Please describe WHY.

6) Compare and contrast nations that have been largely capitalistic with those that have been more socialistic. Give an example of each and discuss some of the differences between the quality of life in those nations, particularly with respect to GDP per capita, economic freedom, medical care, the number of people who have been killed by their government, and the number of people who have been pulled out of poverty over time.

Rogerian Argument Annotated Bibliography

For this writing assignment, you will prepare an annotated bibliography on a current controversial issue in our society. You are to find five credible sources on your topic from TSC Databases. You may use the same Position Argument topic for this assignment.  

 An annotated bibliography is a document that lists relevant sources (both primary and secondary) on a particular topic. The bibliography is annotated when you write a brief summary of the source’s main ideas and offer a brief personal critique on the usefulness of the source for your topic.   

Please find and cite at least (5) sources that deal with the issue you will address in this assignment. Remember that the issue/topic you choose should be current and controversial in our society. At least two sources should discuss the pros side of the issue, at least two should address the cons side of the issue, and at least one should address a possible compromise/common ground side to the issue.

You should include the following kinds of sources:

• At least four (4) of your five sources should come from the TSC database (No Blogs or Personal Homepages!)
• At least one (1) article from a credible website
• Your sources should be published since 2014

Other reminders: Font Times Roman / Size 12; Double Spaced; 1 inch margins; Include Page Numbers (top right corner of page); and NO COVER PAGE. Due date: Nov. 26, 2024

Format of the Annotated Bibliography: 

Please remember to save your work as a Microsoft Word File (No pdfs)

Before you prepare your annotation, write a single paragraph that introduces your argument topic. Remember to not take a side; you should rather generally introduce the issue and show how both sides are impacted. For more information on this type argument, click here Rogerian Argument.

The Research and the Writing Process:

Once you have found and decided on your sources, you will have to read and analyze them and take extensive notes.  Now, make a list.  List the sources alphabetically by author’s last name, using MLA Style, and then for each source write at least a 7-10 sentence annotated paragraph summarizing that source and providing a brief critique of the article.  In your critique section, you should explain why you agree/disagree with the author’s claim and/or discuss what you think are the strengths and weaknesses.  Make sure to identify the author’s claim in your summary. Also, use the 3^rd person’s point of view. Finally, seek a professional review from the Learning Commons or Brainfuse to improve clarity and format of the assignment. Below is an example of an annotated source.

Organization Structure

Introduction Paragraph

• Introduce the issue/topic generically without taking a side (see the Rogerian Argument Handout for details)

Provide (2) Annotated Bibliographies on the Cons

• This should be done on the cons side of the issue

Provide two (2) Annotated Bibliographies on the Pros

• This should be done on the pros side of the issue

Provide one paragraph (1) on the compromise/common ground perspective 

• This should highlight the potential solution agreeable by both parties

A Sample Annotated Bibliography Based on One Source

Pitts, Leonard.  “Parents’ Influence is Limited.” The Dallas Morning News. 2 February 2002,

27A. Print. Pitts claims that people are too quick to blame a child’s parents if the child does something wrong.  He asserts that parents might even enjoy pointing the finger at the other parents who have a child in trouble.  Pitts provides an example of a song by Marvin Gaye, suggesting parents should stop trying to mold children “like their own piece of clay.”  He argues that parents should keep offering wisdom, guidance, and love, but stop thinking that they are the ultimate influence on their children’s lives.  Indeed, Pitts has a solid argument.  Parents should not be blamed for every infraction committed by their children.  At a certain point, children have to accept responsibility for their actions.  With that said, some parents do fail to provide their children with the necessary structure and discipline at home that would increase a child’s chances of being successful in life.

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You are a manager for Company ABC and decide to compile data and analyze your employees’ level of satisifaction. You create a survey to ask each employee to rate their level of satisfaction working at Company ABC. Table 1 shows data of 15 people employees that responded to your survey. Each of the employees have the same job title: Sales Representative. The data set includes variables regarding an employee ID, gender, ethnicity, region, pay rate, employee satisfaction rating. Each employee was asked to rate their level of satisfaction working at Company ABC. A composite score from 0 (lowest) to 5 (highest) is shown as the data variable employee satisfaction. Use the data from Table 1 below to answer Questions 1 – 7 below. Table 1: Employee Data on 15 Sales Representatives at Company ABC 1. You send the survey to all 20 employees and 15 responds. Identify the population. 2. What level of measurement is the variable: Employee ID? 3. Input the data from Table 1 into Excel. Calculate the descriptive statistics on the Pay Rate column (Column D) of the table. (See video links on the last page of this document if needed) • Paste your Excel descriptive statistics output for the pay rate variable below. • What is the mean pay rate of the sales representatives? • What is the standard deviation of pay rate? 4. From the data from Table 1, we can look at the Ethnicity variable. • Use the data from Table 1 to complete the frequency table of ethnicity (Column C) for the 15 participants. You can use the =countif (C2:C21, “White”) function in Excel. Ethnicity Frequency White African American Hispanic • Using the Ethnicity frequency table (from part A), create a pie chart for Ethnicity of employees. Make sure to include a title and each slice is clearly labeled. Paste your Pie Chart below. (See video links on the last page of this document if needed) • Using the Ethnicity frequency table (from part A), create a bar graph for Ethnicity of employees. Make sure to include a title your graph and label each axis. • Do you think the pie chart, or the bar graph displays the differences in the data more clearly for the Ethnicity variable? Explain your reasoning in 2 or 3 sentences. 5. Calculate the descriptive statistics for Employee Satisfaction (Column F) to answer the following questions. • Paste your Excel descriptive statistics output for the employee satisfaction variable below. • What is the mean employee satisfaction? • What is the minimum employee satisfaction rating? • What is the Employee ID of the employee with the lowest satisfaction rating (refer to Table 1)? 6. Using the Age variable (Column E), create a histogram using the following frequency distribution. Frequency Distribution 30-39 40-49 50-59 60-69 • Create a histogram of the Age data for the Sale Representatives. Paste your graph below. • In 2-3 sentences, describe the shape of the histogram in part A. Would this be considered a symmetric or skewed? If skewed, describe the skewness. 7. Continue to focus on Age variable (Column E). • Calculate the 5-number summary for Age (Column E). Paste the summary below. (See video links on the last page of this document if needed) • Create a Box plot (Box & Whisker) of Age. Paste your graph below.

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